The Civil Servants Act, 1973 is an Act to regulate the appointment of persons to, and the terms and conditions of service of persons in, the service of Pakistan.
Appointments to an All-Pakistan Service or to a civil service of the Federation or to a civil post in connection with the affairs of the Federation, including any civil post connected with defence, shall be made in the prescribed manner by the President or by a person authorised by the President in that behalf.
An initial appointment to a service or post not being an ad hoc appointment, shall be on probation as may be prescribed. Any appointment of a civil servant by promotion or transfer to a service or post may also be made in probation as may be prescribed.
Where, in respect of any service or post, the satisfactory completion of probation includes the passing of a prescribed examination, test or course or successful completion of any training, a person appointed on probation to such service or post who, before the expiry of the original or extended period of his probation has failed to pass such examination or test or to successfully complete course or the training shall, except as may be prescribed otherwise,–
(a) if he was appointed to such service or post by initial recruitment, be discharged ; or
(b) if he was appointed to such service or post by promotion or transfer, be reverted to the service or post from which he was promoted or transferred and against which he holds a lien or, if there be no such service or post, be discharged
A person appointed on probation shall, on satisfactory completion of his probation, be eligible for confirmation in a service or, as the case may be, a post as may be prescribed.
A civil servant promoted to a post on regular basis shall be eligible for confirmation after rendering satisfactory service for the period prescribed for confirmation therein.
For proper administration of a service, cadre or [post] the appointing authority shall cause a seniority list of the members for the time being of such service, cadre or [post] to be prepared, but nothing herein contained shall be construed to confer any vested right to a particular seniority in such service, cadre or [post], as the case may be.
The seniority of a civil servant shall be reckoned in relation to other civil servants belonging to the same [service or cadre] whether serving in the same department or office or not, as may be prescribed. Seniority on initial appointment to a service, cadre or post shall be determined as may be prescribed. Seniority in [a post, service or cadre] to which a civil servant is promoted shall take effect from the date of regular appointment to that post:
Provided that civil servants who are selected for promotion to a higher [post] in one batch shall, on their promotion to the higher [post]. retain their inter se seniority as in the lower [post].
A civil servant possessing such minimum qualifications as may be prescribed shall be eligible for promotion to a [higher] post for the time being reserved under the rules for departmental promotion in the service or cadre to which he belongs.
(2) A post referred to in sub-section (1) may either be a selection post or a non selection post to which promotions shall be made as may be prescribed-
(i) in the case of a selection post, on the basis of selection on merit; and
(ii) in the case of a non-selection post, on the basis of seniority-cum-fitness.
Every civil servant is to be liable to serve any where within or outside Pakistan, in any post under the Federal Government, or any Provincial Government or local authority, or a corporation or body set up or established by any such Government. Provided that nothing contained in this section shall apply to a civil servant recruited specifically to serve in a particular area or region :
The service of a civil servant may be terminated without notice-
(i) during the initial or extended period of his probation :
Provided that, where such civil servant is appointed by promotion on probation or, as the case may be, is transferred from one [service], cadre or post to another [service] cadre or post, his service shall not be so terminated so long as he holds a lien against his former post in such [service] cadre or post but he shall be reverted to his former [service], cadre or post as the case may be;
(ii) on the expiry of the initial or extended period of his employment; or
(iii) if the appointment is made ad hoc terminable on the appointment of a person on the recommendation of the selection authority, on the appointment of such person.
(2) Where, on the abolition of a post or reduction in the number of posts in a cadre or [service] the services of a civil servant are required to be terminated, the person whose services are terminated shall ordinarily he the one who is the most junior in such cadre or service.
(3) notwithstanding the provisions of sub-section (1), but subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), the service of a civil servant in temporary employment or appointed ad hoc shall be liable to termination on fourteen days” notice or pay in lieu thereof.
A civil servant shall retire from service on the completion of the sixtieth year of his age.
A retired civil servant shall not be re-employed under the Federal Government, unless such re-employment is necessary in the public interest and is made with the prior approval of the authority next above the appointing authority :
Provided that, where the appointing authority is the President, such re-employment may be ordered with the approval of the President.
(2) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (1) of section 3 of the Ex-Government Servants (Employment with Foreign Governments) (Prohibition) Act, 1966 (XII of 1966), a civil servant may, during leave preparatory to retirement, or after retirement from Government service, seek any private employment:
Provided that, where employment is sought by a civil servant while on leave preparatory to retirement or within two years of the date of his retirement, he shall obtain the prior approval of the prescribed authority.
Where a right to prefer an appeal or apply for review in respect of any order relating to the terms and conditions of his service is provided to a civil servant under any rules applicable to him.such appeal or application shall, except as may be otherwise prescribed be made within thirty days of the date of such order.
(2) Where no provision for appeal or review exists under the rules in respect of any order or class of orders, a civil servant aggrieved by any such order -nay. within thirty days of the communication to him of such order, make a representation against it to the authority next above the authority which made the order:
Provided that no representation shall lie on matters relating to the determination of fitness of a person to hold a particular post or to be promoted to a higher post or grade.
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